マイクロRNAと歯周病：有用な治療標的？

MicroRNAs and Periodontal Disease: Helpful Therapeutic Targets?

抄録

歯周病は最も一般的な口腔疾患である。この疾患は炎症性疾患と考えることができる。歯周病の発症には、歯肉に蓄積した細菌に対する免疫反応が重要な役割を果たしている。免疫細胞だけでなく、歯根膜細胞や歯肉上皮細胞も歯周病の発症に関与している。これらの低分子は歯周組織、特に歯根膜細胞にも関係している。近年、歯周病発症におけるmiRNAの役割について多くの研究がなされている。miRNAは歯周病の病態形成に重要な役割を果たしており、歯周病の治療標的として有用であると考えられる。

Periodontal disease is the most common oral disease. This disease can be considered as an inflammatory disease. The immune response to bacteria accumulated in the gum line plays a key role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. In addition to immune cells, periodontal ligament cells and gingival epithelial cells are also involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. miRNAs which are small RNA molecules with around 22 nucleotides have a considerable relationship with the immune system affecting a wide range of immunological events. These small molecules are also in relation with periodontium tissues especially periodontal ligament cells. Extensive studies have been performed in recent years on the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. In this review paper, we have reviewed the results of these studies and discussed the role of miRNAs in the immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease comprehensively. miRNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and maybe helpful therapeutic targets for the treatment of periodontal disease.