インプラント修復後の隣接歯と拮抗歯の長期成績：患者関連因子に着目して

Long-term outcomes of adjacent and antagonistic teeth after implant restoration: a focus on patient-related factors.

• Su Yeon Park
• Yong Gun Kim
• Jo Young Suh
• Du Hyeong Lee
• Jae Mok Lee

抄録

目的:

インプラント修復および補綴リハビリテーション後の患者の拮抗歯および隣接歯に影響を与える要因を調査する。

PURPOSE: To investigate factors affecting the antagonistic and adjacent teeth in patients after implant restoration and prosthetic rehabilitation.

研究方法:

Kyungpook National University Dental Hospitalを訪れ、インプラント手術、補綴物装着、歯周支持療法（SPT）を受けた160名の患者を対象とした。平均フォローアップ期間は88.06ヵ月、最長で175ヵ月であった。患者の喫煙歴、糖尿病、高血圧、骨粗鬆症の有無を調査し、手術および補綴治療後にパノラマX線写真を撮影した。フォローアップ期間中、拮抗歯と隣接歯の抜歯と補綴・歯内療法を分析した。統計解析は，記述統計，カイ二乗検定，フィッシャー正確検定，多重ロジスティック回帰分析を用いて行った．

METHODS: In total, 160 patients who visited Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital for implant surgery, prosthesis placement, and supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) were included in this study. The average follow-up period was 88.06 months, and the maximum was 175 months. Patients' history of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and osteoporosis was investigated, and panoramic radiographs were taken after surgery and prosthetic treatment. During the follow-up period, extraction and prosthetic/endodontic treatments of the antagonistic and adjacent teeth were analyzed. The statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, and multiple logistic regression analyses.

結果:

調査した拮抗歯の29.4％に治療が行われ，20.0％に抜歯，10.0％に補綴が行われた．また，対象となる隣接歯の19.4％に治療が行われ，そのうち抜歯が12.5％，補綴が7.5％であった。喫煙者の隣接歯の治療率は25.3％で、非喫煙者の治療率（12.3％）よりも高かった（＝0.039）。SPTを遵守していない患者は、遵守している患者（5.5％）に比べて、拮抗する補綴治療の割合が有意に高かった（19.6％）（＝0.006）。

RESULTS: Treatment was performed on 29.4% of the studied antagonistic teeth with extraction performed in 20.0% and prosthetic treatment in 10.0%. Furthermore, 19.4% of the studied adjacent teeth underwent treatment, of which extraction was performed in 12.5% and prosthetic treatment in 7.5%. The treatment rate for adjacent teeth was 25.3% in smokers, which was higher than that of non-smokers (12.3%) (=0.039). Patients who were non-adherent to SPT showed a significantly higher rate (19.6%) of antagonistic prosthetic treatment than did those who were adherent (5.5%) (=0.006).

結論:

インプラント修復は隣接歯や拮抗歯に影響を与える可能性がある。喫煙、骨粗鬆症の既往歴、SPTを受けていないことなどが、隣接歯や拮抗歯の治療のリスクファクターとなる可能性がある。

CONCLUSIONS: Implant restoration can affect the adjacent and antagonistic teeth. Smoking, osteoporosis history, and absence of SPT may be risk factors for the treatment of the adjacent and antagonistic teeth.

Copyright © 2021. Korean Academy of Periodontology.