2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者の家族における食事に関する知識・態度・実践（KAP）とT2DM患者のKAPに与える影響について検討した

Dietary Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) Among the Family Members of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Its Influence on the KAP of T2DM Patients.

• Xiling Hu
• Yao Zhang
• Shuo Lin
• Xiaodi Guo
• Dan Yang
• Mengyin Cai
• Lingling Gao

抄録

目的:

中国の2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者の家族（FM）の食事に関する知識、態度、実践（KAP）を調査し、T2DM患者のKAPに及ぼす影響を調べる。

Purpose: To investigate the dietary knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among the family members (FMs) of Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and its influence on the KAP of T2DM patients.

患者と方法:

当院に入院しているT2DM患者とそのFM（計472名）の236組が登録された。データ収集と糖尿病食に対するKAPの評価には、一対の自作質問紙（Cronbach's α ≥ 0.763、I-CVI ≥ 0.857、S-CVI = 0.964、0.958）を使用した。

Patients and Methods: Two hundred thirty-six pairs of hospitalized T2DM patients and their FMs (472 in total) in our hospital were enrolled. A pair of self-designed questionnaires on dietary KAP (Cronbach's α ≥ 0.763, I-CVI ≥ 0.857, S-CVI = 0.964, 0.958) were used to collect data and assess the KAP towards diabetes diets.

結果:

T2DM患者の食事KAPの平均スコアは2.33±0.60、3.03±0.44、2.77±0.38であり、FMの平均スコアはそれぞれ2.37±0.55、3.08±0.48、2.82±0.61であった。ピアソン相関分析の結果、T2DM患者のグリコシル化ヘモグロビン（HbA1c）は食生活と負の相関を示した（＝-0.218、＜0.01）。T2DM患者とFMとの間には、食事KAPに正の相関があった（＝0.306、<0.05）。T2DM患者の食事習慣は、FMの食事KAPと正の相関があった（＝0.305、0.252、0.136、それぞれ<0.01）。ロジスティック回帰分析の結果、食生活の知識と態度、職業、居住地、家族歴、T2DM患者の合併症、およびFMの性別と食生活の知識スコアは、T2DM患者の食生活と有意に関連していることが明らかになった。

Results: The mean score for dietary KAP of T2DM patients was 2.33 ± 0.60, 3.03 ± 0.44 and 2.77 ± 0.38, whereas that of their FMs was 2.37 ± 0.55, 3.08 ± 0.48 and 2.82 ± 0.61, respectively. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of T2DM patients was negatively correlated to their dietary practice ( = -0.218, < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between T2DM patients and their FMs for dietary KAP ( = 0.306, < 0.05). The dietary practice of T2DM patients was positively correlated with the dietary KAP of their FMs ( = 0.305, 0.252 and 0.136, respectively, < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the score for dietary knowledge and attitude, occupation, residence, family history, complications of the T2DM patient, and the sex and dietary knowledge score of the FM were significantly associated with dietary practice for T2DM patients.

結論:

FMの食生活態度は中等度であったが、食生活の知識と実践は乏しかった。食事KAPはT2DM患者とFMとの間に正の相関があった。

Conclusion: The dietary attitude of FMs was moderate but dietary knowledge and practice were poor. Dietary KAP was positively correlated with T2DM patients and their FMs.

© 2021 Hu et al.