歯科衛生士学生の卒業年次における一貫性感覚と職業観・就業態度との関連性．日本における横断的調査

The Relationship between the Sense of Coherence of Dental Hygiene Students in Their Graduation Year and Their View of the Profession and Attitude to Work: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Japan.

抄録

目的:

学生歯科衛生士に対する実習支援において，一貫性の意味づけの必要性が示されている。そこで本研究では，学生歯科衛生士が就職についてどのように考えているかを明らかにするために，学生歯科衛生士の一貫性意識と職業観・就労観との関連について検討した．

OBJECTIVE: The need to make sense of coherence in placement support for student dental hygienists has been shown. On this basis, this study investigated the relationship between the sense of coherence of student dental hygienists and their view of the profession and attitude to work in order to clarify how they perceive their prospects for employment.

方法:

対象は，日本全国の歯科衛生士養成機関の卒業年次の学生であり，2019年に匿名の自記式質問票を各機関に郵送で送付した。結果は，χ検定，および一元配置分散分析，Tukey検定による多重比較により分析し，有意水準は5％とした。

METHODS: The subjects were graduation-year students at all of the dental hygienist training institutions in Japan, and anonymous, self-administered questionnaires were sent to the institutions by post in 2019. The results were analyzed by χ tests, as well as one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons using Tukey's test, with the level of significance set at 5%.

結果:

返送された6270枚の質問票のうち、6264枚を分析した。SOC（Sense of Coherence）構成感覚は、管理性（F(26,221) = 5306.06, < 0.01） 、意味性（F（26,222） = 4373.48, < 0.01） 、理解性（F (26,216) = 3986.12, < 0.01 ）で、意味性は他の二つより著しく高いスコアを示した（ < 0.01 ）。また，SOCを低，中，高に分類して分析した結果，学生歯科衛生士のSOCと職業観・勤務態度の間に関係があり（＜0.01），SOCが高いほど，職業観・勤務態度が良好であった（F（26，225）＝282.18，＜0.01）．

RESULTS: Of 6270 questionnaires that were returned, 6264 were analyzed. The sense of coherence (SOC) component senses were manageability (F(26,221) = 5306.06, < 0.01), meaningfulness (F(26,222) = 4373.48, < 0.01), and comprehensibility (F(26,216) = 3986.12, < 0.01), with meaningfulness scoring significantly higher than the other two ( < 0.01). Analysis with SOC scores divided into the low, medium, and high groups showed a relationship between the SOC of student dental hygienists and their view of the profession and attitude to work ( < 0.01), such that higher SOC scores were associated with a better view of the profession and a better attitude to work (F(26,225) = 282.18, < 0.01).

結論:

歯科衛生士養成課程におけるSOCを高める教育は、学生歯科衛生士の将来の展望にプラスの影響を与える可能性があることが示唆された。

CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that education that increases SOC in dental hygienist training programs may positively affect future prospects for student dental hygienists.