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サルデーニャ研究の概要なぜ島ランに取り組むことが重要なのか？
A Synopsis of Sardinian Studies: Why Is it Important to Work on Island Orchids?
PMID: 32640731 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070853.
抄録
生態系の機能を説明するためには、島嶼の生物学的・生態学的調査が不可欠である。島の生物多様性に関する多くの研究は、海洋の島々で行われている。対照的に、地中海のような大陸性の島々の情報は、空間的にも時間的にも断片的であることが多い。ここでは，文献調査と最近の植物学的フィールド調査に基づいて，サルデーニャ島のラン科の概要を紹介する。最終的なリストは64種と14属からなり、13種と亜種が固有種として認められ、4種の新種がサルデーニャ島の植物相として記録された。 (Jacq.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W. Chase.
Biological and ecological investigations of islands are crucial to explain ecosystem functioning. Many studies on island biodiversity are carried out on oceanic islands. In contrast, information on continental islands, such as those in the Mediterranean Sea, is very often fragmented in space and time. Here, a synopsis of the Orchidaceae of Sardinia is presented based on literature surveys and recent botanical field studies. Our final list comprises of 64 species and 14 genera: thirteen species and subspecies were recognized as endemic and four new species were recorded for the flora of the island: (Jacq.) R.M. Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W. Chase; (L.) Spreng; Poir.; and subsp. var. R.Lorenz, Akhalk., H.Baumann, Cortis, Cogoni & Scrugli. This orchid richness reflects the geological history of the island that was linked to the mainland several times, facing long periods of isolation. We also discuss a critical point-of-view of the biodiversity shortfalls still problematic for insular orchids. Indeed, within the Mediterranean Basin, the greatest amount of endemism occurs mainly on large islands, and, despite a long history of botanical exploration in European countries, many of them are scarcely investigated. This annotated synopsis shows the potential of continental islands to understand trends in ecology and evolution. Further studies are required to complete our knowledge of the orchid diversity on continental islands in order to propose scientific-based conservation programs to preserve these unique taxa.