味覚受容体遺伝子多型とう蝕との関連

Association of taste receptor gene polymorphisms with dental caries.

• Juliana Arid
• Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes
• Luiza Foltran de Azevedo Koch
• Silvane Silva Evangelista
• Katia Regina Felizardo Vasconcelos
• João Armando Brancher
• Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo
• Ana Julia Milani
• André Luiz Tannus Dutra
• Leonardo Santos Antunes
• Alexandre Rezende Vieira
• Juliana Feltrin-Souza
• Erika Calvano KÜchler

抄録

本研究は，未就学児および思春期前の子どもたちのう蝕，栄養状態，TAS1R1 および TAS1R2（味覚受容体 1 型，メンバー 1 および 2）の遺伝的多型との相互作用を評価するために実施された．対象者は525名（未就学児306名、思春期前219名）とした。保護者は，子どもの全身的な健康状態，特徴，口腔衛生習慣，食生活について，自己記入式の質問票に回答した．う蝕および栄養状態を評価するために臨床検査を実施した。DNA 抽出のために唾液サンプルを採取した。rs17492553 ( TAS1R1 )、rs3935570、およびrs4920566 ( TAS1R2 ) 多型のジェノタイピングを、Taqman Genotyping Master MixとSNPアッセイを用いたリアルタイムPCRを用いて行った。データ解析には、ロバスト分散を用いた一変量および多変量ポアソン回帰分析を用いた。就学前の子供では、食事と食事の間にお菓子を食べると、う蝕の有病率が85％増加した（PR c = 1.85；95％CI 1.39-2.46；p < 0.001）のに対し、思春期前の子供では、遺伝的多型に関係なく、この有病率が34％増加した（PR a = 1.34；95％CI 1.11-1.62；p = 0.002）。さらに、rs17492553の少なくとも1つの対立遺伝子Cを持つ個体では、う蝕の有病率が23％増加した（PR a = 1.23; 95%CI 1.02-1.49 p = 0.030）。栄養状態はう蝕とは関連しておらず、遺伝的多型とも関連していなかった。食間のお菓子の消費はう蝕の有病率を増加させた。思春期前の子供では、TAS1R1のrs17492553遺伝子多型がう蝕と関連していた。

This study was performed to evaluate the interplay between dental caries, nutritional status, and genetic polymorphisms in TAS1R1 and TAS1R2 (taste receptor, type 1, member 1 and 2) in preschool children and pre-adolescents. We included 525 subjects (306 preschool children and 219 pre-adolescents). Parents/caregivers answered a self-administered questionnaire about their children's systemic health, characteristics, oral hygiene habits, and diet. Clinical examination was performed to evaluate dental caries and nutritional status. Saliva samples were collected for DNA extraction. The genotyping of rs17492553 ( TAS1R1 ), rs3935570, and rs4920566 ( TAS1R2 ) polymorphisms was performed using real-time PCR with Taqman Genotyping Master Mix and SNP assay. Both univariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses with robust variance were used for the data analysis. In preschool children, consumption of sweets between meals increased the prevalence of dental caries by 85% (PR c = 1.85; 95%CI 1.39-2.46; p < 0.001), whereas in pre-adolescents, this prevalence increased by 34% (PR a = 1.34; 95%CI 1.11-1.62; p = 0.002), regardless of genetic polymorphisms . Moreover, individuals carrying at least one allele C in rs17492553 presented 23% more prevalence of dental caries (PR a = 1.23; 95%CI 1.02-1.49 p = 0.030). Nutritional status was not associated with dental caries, neither with genetic polymorphisms . Consumption of sweets between meals increased the prevalence of dental caries. In pre-adolescents, rs17492553 genetic polymorphism in TAS1R1 was associated with dental caries.