臨床中等度・重症感染症における病原体診断におけるメタゲノム次世代シークエンシングの適用に関する専門家のコンセンサス（初版）

[Expert consensus for the application of metagenomic next generation sequencing in the pathogen diagnosis in clinical moderate and severe infections (first edition)].

• Consensus Group Of Experts On Application Of Metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing In The Pathogen Diagnosis In Clinical Moderate And Severe Infections
• Professional Committee Of Sepsis And Shock Chinese Research Hospital Association
• Professional Committee Of Microbial Toxins Chinese Society For Microbiology
• Professional Committee Of Critical Care Medicine Shenzhen Medical Association

抄録

メタゲノム次世代シークエンシング（mNGS）は、非標的かつ広範な病原体スクリーニング技術である。近年、臨床重症感染症の分野、特に重症感染症が希少な病原体によるものであった場合には、mNGSによる病原体検出が重要な役割を果たすことが示された研究が増えてきている。しかし、そのコストの高さと実験条件の要求の高さから、いまだに臨床のルーチン検査には含まれていない。それでも、中国におけるシーケンシングコストの低下と医療レベルの継続的な向上に伴い、mNGSに基づく病原体診断の大規模臨床応用の条件が徐々に成熟してきていることが予想される。本コンセンサスでは、mNGSに基づく病因診断について、中等症・重症感染症の臨床応用における検出範囲、ルール、応用についての専門家のコンセンサスが述べられ、今後の臨床応用の改善が期待された。

Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) is a non-targeted and broad-spectrum pathogen screening technology. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that mNGS pathogen detection plays a key role in the field of clinical severe infection, especially when the severe infection was caused by rare pathogens. However, due to its high cost and high requirements of experimental conditions, it has not been included as a routine clinical test yet. Nevertheless, it can be predicted that with the decrease of sequencing cost and the continuous improvement of medical level in China, the conditions for large-scale clinical application of pathogenic diagnosis based on mNGS have gradually matured. This consensus described the expert consensus of etiology diagnosis based on mNGS in the scope of detection, rules and applications in clinical moderate and severe infections, and also looked forward to the improvement of its clinical application in the future.