マルタ諸島の牛乳に含まれる在来乳酸菌の特性評価。地理的および季節的評価

Characterization of Indigenous Lactic Acid Bacteria in Cow Milk of the Maltese Islands: A Geographical and Seasonal Assessment.

• Elisa Garroni
• Agapi I Doulgeraki
• Foteini Pavli
• David Spiteri
• Vasilis P Valdramidis

抄録

本研究では、マルタ諸島の牛乳中の常在性乳酸菌（LAB）の地理的および季節的評価を行った。これを調査するために、冬と夏の季節にマルタの様々な地域から牛乳を採取した。総生菌数（TVC）とLAB集団を列挙した。その後、LABを分離し、分子法により同定した。その結果、冬と夏のサンプルでは同様のTVCが得られたが、夏のサンプルでは最も高いLAB集団が検出された。また、LABは7つのクラスターに分類され、それぞれのクラスターに属する菌種が分離された。季節が LAB の属・種に影響を与えているように思われたが、主に冬場に分離された LAB は、夏場に分離された LAB の属・種が主であった。地理的分布については、両季節ともに大部分の種が南東部から分離された。結論として、本研究を通じて、マルタの牛乳中の在来 LAB の多様性を初めてモニターし、微生物群集が季節性と農場の地理的分布に影響されることを明らかにした。

A geographical and seasonal assessment of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Maltese cow milk was conducted in this study. To investigate this, milk was collected from different regions of Malta during winter and summer seasons. Total viable counts (TVC) and LAB population were enumerated. Afterwards, LAB were isolated and identified by molecular methods. According to the results, similar TVC were enumerated on winter and summer samples, while highest LAB population was detected on summer samples. LAB isolates were grouped in seven different clusters which were assigned to , , , , , and . In addition, and species were also isolated. Season seemed to affect the genus / species of LAB since were mainly isolated from winter samples, while and species were the main genera identified in summer samples. Regarding the geographical distribution, the majority of the spp. were isolated from the South-eastern region in both seasons. In conclusion, through this study the diversity of indigenous LAB in the Maltese cow milk was monitored for the first time and highlighted that the microbial communities are affected by seasonality and geographical distribution of the farms.