中国成人集団における歯の喪失と義歯修復の状況．第4回全国口腔保健調査の結果．

Status of Tooth Loss and Denture Restoration in Chinese Adult Population: Findings from the 4th National Oral Health Survey.

• Jing Guo
• Jing Hao Ban
• Gang Li
• Xing Wang
• Xi Ping Feng
• Bao Jun Tai
• De Yu Hu
• Huan Cai Lin
• Bo Wang
• Yan Si
• Chun Xiao Wang
• Wen Sheng Rong
• Wei Jian Wang
• Shu Guo Zheng
• Xue Nan Liu
• Sheng Chao Wang

抄録

目的:

中国の成人における歯の喪失と義歯修復の状況を調査し、変化する傾向を分析し、口腔保健政策のための基礎データを提供する。

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of tooth loss and denture restoration in Chinese adults, analyse the changing trend and provide fundamental data for oral health policy.

方法:

第4回全国口腔保健調査のプロトコールに基づき、中国大陸の全31省・市・自治区の35～44歳、55～64歳、65～74歳の成人を対象に、多段階層化無作為クラスターサンプリング法を用いて登録し、歯の喪失状況と義歯の修復状況を調査した。歯の喪失と義歯修復の状況を調査した。統計解析にはSPSS20.0ソフトを使用した。

METHODS: According to the protocol of the 4th National Oral Health Survey, a multistage stratified random cluster-sampling method was used to enrol adult subjects aged 35 to 44, 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 years in all 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of the mainland of China. The status of tooth loss and denture restoration was investigated. SPSS20.0 software was used for statistics analysis.

結果:

調査対象となった 13,464 人の被験者のうち，13.8%が完全歯列，84.4%が歯列欠損，1.8%が無歯であった．都市部の被験者は農村部の被験者よりも有意に高い完全歯列の割合を示し（P = 0.02），男性は女性よりも統計的に高い完全歯列の割合を示した（P = 0.01）．残存歯の平均は26.1±6.90で、都市部では農村部に比べて有意に高かった（P＜0.01）。残存歯の平均は，35～44歳，55～64歳，65～74歳でそれぞれ29.6±2.3，26.3±6.1，22.5±8.7であった．固定式部分入れ歯（FPD）の検出率は、農村部よりも都市部の方が統計的に高く、男性の方が女性よりも高かった（P＜0.01）。取り外し可能な部分入れ歯（RPD）の検出率は、農村部よりも都市部の方が統計的に高かった（P＜0.01）。しかし，イレギュラーデンチャーの検出率と歯欠損の修復不能率は，いずれも都市部で農村部よりも有意に低かった（P＜0.01）．欠損歯の修復率は中国人成人で41.6％であった。

RESULTS: Among the 13,464 subjects investigated, 13.8% had complete dentition, 84.4% had dentition defects, and 1.8% was edentulous. Urban subjects showed a significantly higher proportion of complete dentition than those in rural (P = 0.02), and males showed the statistically higher proportion of complete dentition than females (P = 0.01). The mean of remaining teeth was 26.1 ± 6.90, which in urban areas was significantly higher than in rural areas (P < 0.01). The means of remaining teeth were 29.6 ± 2.3, 26.3 ± 6.1, and 22.5 ± 8.7 in the 35 to 44, 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 age groups, respectively. The detection rate of fixed partial dentures (FPD) was statistically higher in urban than in rural areas and in males than that in females (P < 0.01). The detection rate of removable partial dentures (RPD) was statistically higher in urban areas than in rural locations (P < 0.01). However, the detection rates of irregular denture and unrepair of tooth loss were both significantly lower in urban than in rural areas (P < 0.01). The rate of restoration of tooth loss was 41.6% in Chinese adults.

結論:

本調査で記録された歯の喪失と義歯の修復状況は10年前の結果と比較して改善されているが，特に高齢者や農村部に住む人々の口腔保健推進の強化に向けて，より一層の努力が必要である。

CONCLUSION: Although the tooth loss and denture restoration status recorded in the survey was improved compared with the results of 10 years ago, more efforts need to be made on strengthening oral health promotion, particularly for elderly people and those living in rural areas.