健康な犬の歯肉における結合組織とその微小血管構造との関係

The relationship between connective tissue and its microvasculature in the healthy dog gingiva.

抄録

上皮下結合組織の形態的な整合性とその血管構造を、雑種犬成体の健康な歯肉で研究した。血管構造の腐食鋳型標本と、上皮下結合組織の分離した標本をSEMで観察した。また、墨汁を注入した標本は、光学顕微鏡で観察した。その結果を要約すると頬側の歯肉上皮の下、上皮下結合組織に短い円錐形の乳頭が見られた。この部位全体の毛細血管構造は基本的にループ型であり、全体的な外観は乳頭を再現していた。乳頭は粘膜と歯肉の接合部で消失し、歯槽粘膜への移行後は乳頭の形成は認められなかった。血管はループ構造からネットワーク構造に変化していた。2）溝状歯肉上皮の下には，上皮下結合組織が乳頭のない滑らかな凹みを示していた。この部位では，結合組織の形態に合わせて毛細血管が扁平で密なネットワークを形成していた。内側の上皮の末端で毛細血管網は突然消失した。ネットワークの直下にある固有層の血管は、その縁で内腔を減らし、歯周組織の叢を形成し、やや開放的なネットワークを示した。

The morphological consistency of subepithelial connective tissue and its vascular architecture was studied in the healthy gingiva of adult mongrel dogs. Corrosion-cast specimens of the vasculature and specimens of well-separated connective tissue from the lamina propria were observed by SEM. Specimens injected with india ink also were examined employing light microscopy. Summarizing the results: 1) Beneath the buccal gingival epithelium, short conical papillae were seen in the subepithelial connective tissue. The capillary structure throughout this region was basically of the loop type, the overall appearance of which replicated the papillae. The papilla disappeared at the muco-gingival junction, so that after the transition to the alveolar mucosa, no papillary formation was observed. The vasculature had transformed from loop to network structure. 2) Beneath the sulcular gingival epithelium, the subepithelial connective tissue displayed a smooth concavity with no papillae. In this region, the capillaries formed a flat, dense network in accordance with the morphology of the connective tissue. The capillary network suddenly disappeared at the terminal edge of the inner epithelium. The vessels of the lamina propria located immediately beneath the network reduced their lumina at the margin and formed the plexus of the periodontium, displaying a rather open network.