抜歯窩の治癒に対するタバコの喫煙の影響：免疫組織化学的研究

The effect of cigarette smoking on the healing of extraction sockets: an immunohistochemical study.

抄録

本研究の目的は，ラットの抜歯後のソケット治癒に対する喫煙の影響を免疫組織化学的に調べることである．84匹の雄ラットを3つのグループに分け，2つのグループを実験，もう1つをコントロールとした．実験1の動物は手術前と手術後に喫煙レジメンにさらされたが、実験2の動物は手術前にのみ喫煙レジメンにさらされた。すべての動物の上顎右中切歯を抜歯し、3日目、7日目、15日目、28日目に殺害した。抜歯後3日目に採取したサンプルは、フィブロネクチン抗体で免疫組織化学的に染色し、もう一方はI型コラーゲンで染色した。抜歯後3日目のサンプルは、コントロール群では強い染色性（3）（＋＋＋）、テスト1ではわずかな陽性（1）（＋）、テスト2では中程度の陽性（2）（＋＋）であった。タイプIコラーゲン抗体をスコア化した結果、7日目では両群間に統計的な有意差はなかったが、15日目と28日目では両群間に統計的な有意差があった（それぞれP＝0.000、P＝0.001）。また、タイプIコラーゲン抗体染色のペアの濃淡スコアを各群内で日数別に比較しても、統計的に有意ではなかった。以上の結果から、抜歯窩の治癒過程はタバコの煙によって悪影響を受けることがわかりました。

The aim of this study was to investigate immunohistochemically the influence of cigarette smoking on the socket healing after tooth extraction in rats. Eighty-four male rats were divided into 3 groups; 2 groups were considered as experimental and the other as control. The animals in test 1 were exposed to smoking regimen before the surgery and after the surgery, but the animals in test 2 were exposed to the smoking regimen only before surgery. All animals' maxillary right central incisors were extracted and killed at the 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 28th day. The samples taken on third day after tooth extraction were stained immunohistochemically with fibronectin antibody and the other with type I collagen antibody. On the third day after tooth extraction, samples in the control group were intense stained (3) (+++); in the test 1 they were slight positive (1) (+) and in the test 2 they were moderate positive (2) (+ +). As a result of scoring type I collagen antibody, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups at seventh day, but there were statistically significant differences between the groups at the 15th and 28th day (P = 0.000 and P = 0.001, respectively). Comparison of the paired intense scores of type I collagen antibody staining according to days within each groups were not statistically significant. As a result, we have found out that the healing process of the tooth extraction socket is negatively affected by cigarette smoke.