PNFトレーニングが顔の輪郭に及ぼす影響

The effects of PNF training on the facial profile.

抄録

歯列矯正治療によって歯槽骨の問題は改善されるが、口腔周囲筋が新しい形態的状況に容易に適応できないため、顔貌が変化することはほとんどない。我々は、上唇を上げる、下唇を下げる、舌を出すなどの動作に抵抗運動を加えるトレーニングである固有受容性神経筋促通法（PNF）を用いて、口周囲筋を新しい形態環境に適応させた。被験者は平均年齢29.6歳の成人40名。一連のPNFエクササイズを1日3回、1ヶ月間行った。トレーニング前(T(0))、トレーニング後(T(1))、トレーニング終了1ヵ月後(T(2))の顔面側面写真をデジタルカメラで撮影した。鼻唇角（NL）、口唇角（ML）、口唇頸角（MC）を測定し、各測定点の変化を確認するために直線測定を行った。試験群では、PNF運動後、NL角度とML角度は有意に増加し（P＜0.05）、MC角度は有意に減少した。T(1)からT(2)では、NL角とML角は有意に減少し、MC角は有意に増加した。T(0)とT(2)の測定値を比較しても、これらの角度に有意差は認められなかった。口元と顎下部のシャープニングにはトレーニングが有効であると思われるが、再発を防ぐためには継続的なトレーニングが必要である。

Although orthodontic treatment improves dentoalveolar problems, the facial profile seldom changes because the perioral muscles do not easily adapt to the new morphological circumstances. We employed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), which is training with added resisted movement to motions such as lifting the upper lip, lowering the lower lip, and sticking out the tongue, to adapt the perioral muscles to the new morphological circumstances. The subjects were 40 adults with an average age of 29.6 years. A series of PNF exercises was performed three times per day for 1 month. Lateral facial photographs were taken using a digital camera before training (T(0)), after training (T(1)), and 1 month after the end of training (T(2)). The nasolabial (NL), mentolabial (ML), and mentocervical (MC) angles were measured, and linear measurements were taken to verify the change of each measurement point. In the test group, the NL and ML angles significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the MC angle significantly decreased after the PNF exercise. From T(1) to T(2), the NL and ML angles decreased significantly, while the MC angle increased significantly. No significant differences were observed in these angles when the values measured at T(0) and T(2) were compared. Although the training appeared to be effective for sharpening the mouth and submandibular region, continued training is necessary to avoid relapse.