乳児の食事パターンと就学前児童の幼児期う蝕との関連：横断的研究

Infant Dietary Pattern and its Association with Early Childhood Caries in Preschool Children: A Cross-sectional Study.

抄録

目的:

本研究の目的は、生後1年間の摂食習慣および口腔衛生習慣と就学前児童のう蝕有病率との関連を検討することである。

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the associations between feeding and oral hygiene practices during the first year of life and caries prevalence in preschool children.

材料および方法:

インドNavi Mumbaiの3～5歳の420名の小児を対象に横断研究を実施した。齲蝕経験はWHOの基準を用いて記録した。摂食と口腔衛生習慣に関する情報収集には、34の質問からなる有効な質問票を用いた。収集したデータは、Mann-Whitney検定、Kruskal-Wallis検定、およびカイ二乗検定を用いて分析した。

MATERIALS AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 children between the age-group of 3-5 years in Navi Mumbai, India. Dental caries experience was recorded using WHO criteria. A validated questionnaire with 34 questions was used for collecting information regarding feeding and oral hygiene practices. The data collected were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Chi-square test.

結果:

齲蝕有病率は、母乳哺育者、哺乳瓶を口にくわえたまま眠ってしまう者、哺乳瓶入りのミルクに砂糖を追加して与える者、甘いものを頻繁に摂取する者、乳幼児の歯が萌出後すぐに清掃されない者において高く、統計的に有意であった（< 0.05）。

RESULTS: Caries prevalence was high and statistically significant ( < 0.05) among those who were breastfed, fell asleep with a bottle in the mouth, fed with additional sugar in bottled milk, those who had a frequent sweet intake, and where infant's teeth were not cleaned soon after eruption.

結論:

幼児期のう蝕に対する摂食習慣の役割を明らかにし、幼児期に介入することは、生涯を通じて健康な歯習慣を保証するために最も適切な行動であると思われる。

CONCLUSION: Determining the role of feeding practices on early childhood caries and intervention during early childhood seems to be the most appropriate action to ensure healthy dental habits throughout life.

臨床的意義:

歯科医師が幼児期における予防的介入を目標とし、頻繁な乳児期の摂食のう蝕原性を両親および養育者への健全な推奨に組み込むことが、今後の方向性となる。

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A future direction for dentists to target preventive interventions in early childhood and incorporate cariogenicity of frequent infant feeding into sound recommendations for parents and caregivers.

引用方法:

Khodke S, Naik S, Agarwal N. Infant Dietary Pattern and its Association with Early Childhood Caries in Preschool Children：横断研究。Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(3):421-425.

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Khodke S, Naik S, Agarwal N. Infant Dietary Pattern and its Association with Early Childhood Caries in Preschool Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(3):421-425.