乳歯列における手動歯ブラシと電動歯ブラシの有効性．デジタル写真の画像解析を用いた無作為クロスオーバー臨床試験

Manual Versus Electric Toothbrush Efficacy in the Primary Dentition: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial Using Image Analysis of Digital Photographs.

抄録

デジタル写真の画像解析システム（IAS）を用いて、乳歯列における電動歯ブラシと手動歯ブラシのデンタルバイオフィルム（DB）除去効果を評価する。<br/> 4～6歳の小児を対象に、前向き無作為化対照盲検クロスオーバー臨床試験を12週間実施した。DBの量は0週、4週、8週、12週で評価された。<br/>22人の小児が参加し、176枚の写真が撮影され、1,408枚の親切歯の画像がIASによってデジタル解析された。DBは、0日目（手動＝7.44±1.83％、電動＝9.80±2.03％）と4週目（手動＝8.57±2.23％、電動＝5.85±2.10％）では、どちらの歯ブラシでも有意に減少した。しかし、両タイプを比較した場合、DB減少率に統計学的有意差は認められなかった。4週目以降、前向きに比較すると、電動歯ブラシでのみ統計学的に有意なDBの減少（<0.05）が認められた。<br/>電動歯ブラシは手動歯ブラシよりもDBを減少させ、子供たちに受け入れられた。

To evaluate the efficacy in dental biofilm (DB) removal between electric toothbrushes versus manual toothbrushes in primary dentition using an Image Analysis System (IAS) of digital photographs.<br/> A prospective, randomized, controlled, blind, crossover clinical trial was conducted for 12 weeks with children between four to six years of age. The amount of DB was evaluated at zero, four, eight and 12 weeks. The degree of acceptance of the type of toothbrush used by the child was assessed at week 12.<br/> Twenty-two children participated and 176 photographs were taken, with 1,408 images of primary incisors being digitally analyzed by IAS. DB was significantly reduced by both types of toothbrushes on day zero (manual=7.44±1.83 percent; electric= 9.80±2.03 percent) and at week four (manual=8.57±2.23 percent; electric= 5.85±2.10 percent). However, there was no statistically significant difference in DB reduction when both types were compared. After week four, when compared prospectively, there was a statistically significant reduction ( <0.05) of DB for the electric toothbrush only. Electric toothbrushes had a significantly greater acceptance by the participants ( <0.01).<br/> Electric toothbrushes eliminated DB better and were more accepted by the children than manual toothbrushes.