日本語AIでPubMedを検索
精神疾患患者の齲蝕罹患率、歯周病罹患率、代謝罹患率について
Caries experience, periodontal status, and metabolic morbidity in patients with psychiatric disorders.
PMID: 33688712 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b1044091.
抄録
目的:
精神疾患と(1)う蝕罹患率、(2)歯周病罹患率、(3)メタボリックシンドローム(MetS)構成要素との関連を検討すること。
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of psychiatric disorders with (1) caries experience, (2) periodontal status, and (3) metabolic syndrome (MetS) components.
方法および材料:
学生歯科医院に通院していた18歳から90歳までの504名の医療記録を、7年間にわたりレトロスペクティブに分析したクロスセクション研究。収集したデータは以下の通り。人口統計、喫煙習慣、収縮期および拡張期血圧、脈拍、ウエスト周囲径、口中プラークスコア(FMPS)、口中出血スコア(FMBS)、最大ポケットプロービング深さ(PPD)、X線撮影による平均および最大骨量(RBL)。虫歯(D)、欠損(M)、埋伏(F)歯の数の合計(DMFTスコア)、MetSの構成要素、その結果、糖尿病、高血圧、高脂血症、虚血性心疾患、心不全、脳卒中、癌などの関連疾患の有無。
METHOD AND MATERIALS: This 7-year cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 504 individuals aged 18 to 90 years who attended the student dental clinic. Collected data included: demographics, smoking habits, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse, waist circumference, full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), maximal pocket probing depth (PPD), average and maximal radiographic bone loss (RBL), the sum of the number of decayed (D), missing (M), and filled (F) teeth (DMFT score), and presence of MetS components, consequences and related conditions including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, s/p stroke, and cancer.
結果:
68名(13.5%)に精神疾患が認められ、平均年齢は53.42±15.71歳であった。精神疾患は、喫煙(P = 0.008)、喫煙パック年(P = 0.004)、DMFTスコア(P = 0.005)と正の相関があり、高血圧とは負の相関があった(P = 0.046)。精神疾患は,調査したすべての歯周病指標およびMetSの他の構成要素とは,統計的に有意な関連を示さなかった。多変量解析では,精神疾患は喫煙(オッズ比(OR)および95%信頼区間(CI)=2.24[1.28~3.92])およびDMFT(ORおよび95%CI=1.08[1.02~1.14])と統計的に有意な正の関連を維持し,高血圧(ORおよび95%CI=0.46[0.25~0.84])とは統計的に有意な負の関連を示した。
RESULTS: 68 (13.5%) had psychiatric disorders with an average age of 53.42 ± 15.71 years. Psychiatric disorders were positively associated with smoking (P = .008), smoking pack-years (P = .004), DMFT score (P = .005), and negatively associated with hypertension (P = .046). Psychiatric disorders had no statistically significant associations with all periodontal indices studied and with other components of MetS. Following multivariate analysis, psychiatric disorders retained a statistically significant positive association with smoking (odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.24 [1.28 to 3.92]) and with DMFT (OR and 95% CI = 1.08 [1.02 to 1.14]), and a statistically significant negative association with hypertension (OR and 95% CI = 0.46 [0.25 to 0.84]).
結論:
精神疾患は,喫煙やう蝕の経験とは正の相関があったが,歯周病の状態や代謝性疾患とは相関がなかった.精神科患者の喫煙率やう蝕罹患率の高さに対処するためには,歯科医療従事者と医療従事者のコミュニケーションが必要である。
CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric disorders were positively associated with smoking and caries experience but not with periodontal status and metabolic morbidity. Communication between dental and medical professionals is needed to address the higher smoking consumption and caries morbidity in psychiatric patients.