地域保健センターを紹介している女性の中で、人口統計学的特徴と妊娠の試みと産後うつと不安との間の関連性。A Cross Sectional Study

The Association Between Demographic Characteristics and Attempting of Pregnancy with Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Among Women Referring to Community Health Centres: A Cross Sectional Study.

• Maryam Alikamali
• Sedigheh Khodabandeh
• Maryam Motesaddi
• Zeinab Bagheri
• Mohammad Ali Esmaeili

抄録

背景:

産後うつ病（PPD）と不安は、母体と乳児の健康の危険因子と考えられている。そこで、本研究では、人口統計学的特徴とPPDおよび不安を伴う妊娠との関連を探ることを目的とした。

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) and anxiety are considered as a risk factor for mother and infant health. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the association between demographic characteristics and pregnancies with PPD and anxiety.

研究方法:

2018年上半期にザランド市の保健センターを紹介しているイラン人女性400人を対象に、出産日から4週間から6ヶ月後の2018年上半期に横断的な調査を実施した。

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 Iranian women referring to health centres of the Zarand City four weeks to six months from the date of their childbirth, in the first half of 2018.

結果:

その結果、うつ病や不安症に分類された妊娠中の雇用された女性は、妊娠年齢が低い、食物不安、数回の分娩、帝王切開分娩、意図しない妊娠の可能性が高く、乳児の性別に満足していないことが明らかになった。また、数回の分娩を経験した女性は、交絡因子の調整前と調整後でPPDのリスクが低く（オッズ比[OR]=0.92、95％信頼区間[CI]：0.88-0.97、<0.001）、交絡因子の調整後でのみ産後不安のリスクが低かった（OR =0.82、95％CI：0.75-0.89、<0.001）。

Result: The results showed that employed women with pregnancies who were categorised as depression and anxiety were more likely to have low gestational age, food insecurity, several deliveries, cesarean delivery and unintended pregnancy as well as they were not satisfied with their infant's gender. Also, women with several deliveries had lower risk for PPD before and after adjustment for confounders (odds ratio [OR] = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-0.97, < 0.001) and had lower risk for postpartum anxiety only after adjustment for confounders (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75-0.89, < 0.001).

結論:

最終的に、人口統計学的特徴と妊娠の試みは、女性のPPDと産後不安と独立して関連していた。また、出産後に雇用された女性の職業的ストレスを軽減し、PPDと産後不安に対処するための社会的・行政的支援が必要であると考えられた。

Conclusion: Eventually, demographic characteristics and attempting of pregnancy were independently associated with PPD and postpartum anxiety in women. There need to be more social and governmental support of employed women after delivery to decrease their occupational stresses to deal with PPD and anxiety in the studied population.

© Penerbit Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2020.