エチオピア北西部ジガ町の学童における感染症の有病率と関連する危険因子。エチオピア北西部ジガ町の学童における感染症の有病率と関連する危険因子：横断的研究

Prevalence of Infection and Associated Risk Factors among School Children in Jiga Town, Northwest-Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

• Ketemaw Wubet
• Destaw Damtie

抄録

背景:

エチオピアでは、20の顧みられない熱帯病の一つである腸管型の統合失調症が広く分布している。本研究では、エチオピア北西部のジガ町とその周辺の農村ケベレス（Kebeles＝エチオピア最小の行政単位）の学童の有病率と関連する危険因子を明らかにすることを目的とした。

Background: Schistosomiasis, one of the 20 Neglected Tropical Diseases, is a human disease which is caused by infection with spp. In Ethiopia, the intestinal form of schistosomiasis (caused by ) is widely distributed. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in Jiga town and its surrounding rural "Kebeles", Northwest Ethiopia (Kebele = the smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia).

方法:

ジガ町とその周辺の農村部「ケベレス」にある3つの学校の児童を対象に、横断的な調査を行った。学校は、主に子どもたちが利用していた可能性の高い水域への近接性に基づいて選択された。無作為に選ばれた合計362人の子どもたちに感染症のスクリーニングを行った。各児童から便のサンプルを採取し、濃縮法と顕微鏡法で検査した。また、調査対象者には半構造化面接質問票を配布して、.データ解析はSPSSバージョン20を用いて行った。

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among children from three schools in Jiga town and its surrounding rural "Kebeles". The schools were selected mainly according to their proximity to water bodies that were likely to have been used by the children. A total of 362 randomly selected children were screened for infection. Samples of stool were collected from each pupil and examined by the concentration and microscopic techniques. Semistructured interview questionnaires were administered to the study subjects to identify the possible risk factors of infection with . Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software.

調査結果:

全体の有病率は15.2％であった。Chifarit 小学生では感染率が高く（30.3％）、次いで Tikur Wuha 小学生（17.3％）、Jiga 01 小学生（10.2％）であった。川の水との接触習慣（AOR, 4.86; 95% CI, 0.991-23.8; = 0.051）と不規則な靴の着用（AOR, 6.06; 95% CI, 2.61-14.13; = 0.001）が感染の危険因子であった。

Results: The overall prevalence of was 15.2%. A higher proportion of infection (30.3%) was observed at Chifarit primary school children followed by Tikur Wuha primary school children (17.3%) and Jiga 01 primary school children (10.2%). The habit of contact with river water (AOR, 4.86; 95% CI, 0.991-23.8; = 0.051) and the irregular wearing of shoes (AOR, 6.06; 95% CI, 2.61-14.13; = 0.001) were risk factors for infection.

結論:

感染は調査地域の公衆衛生上の問題であることに変わりはない。カタツムリの駆除、大量駆虫、健康増進が推奨される。

Conclusion: infection remains a public health problem in the study area. Snail control, mass deworming, and health promotion are recommended.

Copyright © 2020 Ketemaw Wubet and Destaw Damtie.