ベトナムの気候変動と健康の脆弱性と適応評価、2018年

Vietnam Climate Change and Health Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment, 2018.

• Tran Thi Tuyet Hanh
• Le Thi Thanh Huong
• Nguyen Thi Lien Huong
• Tran Nu Quy Linh
• Nguyen Huu Quyen
• Nguyen Thi Trang Nhung
• Kristie Ebi
• Nguyen Dinh Cuong
• Ha Van Nhu
• Tran Mai Kien
• Simon Hales
• Do Manh Cuong
• Nguyen Thi Thi Tho
• Luu Quoc Toan
• Nguyen Ngoc Bich
• Hoang Van Minh

抄録

背景:

Background: The Global Climate Risk Index 2020 ranked Vietnam as the sixth country in the world most affected by climate variability and extreme weather events over the period 1999-2018. Sea level rise and extreme weather events are projected to be more severe in coming decades, which, without additional action, will increase the number of people at risk of climate-sensitive diseases, challenging the health system. This article summaries the results of a health vulnerability and adaptation (V&A) assessment conducted in Vietnam as evidences for development of the National Climate Change Health Adaptation Plan to 2030.

方法:

評価は、世界保健機関（WHO）の「脆弱性と適応の評価」の実施におけるガイドラインに概説されている最初の 4 つのステップに従った。2013年から2017年までの半定量的評価のための枠組みと指標のリストが作成された。(1)気候変動や異常気象への曝露、(2)健康への感受性、(3)適応能力のレベルを評価するために、3つの指標が選択された。指標は、1から5までのスコアリングシステムを用いて評価・分析した。

Methods: The assessment followed the first 4 steps outlined in the World Health Organization's Guidelines in conducting "Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments." A framework and list of indicators were developed for semi-quantitative assessment for the period 2013 to 2017. Three sets of indicators were selected to assess the level of (1) exposure to climate change and extreme weather events, (2) health sensitivity, and (3) adaptation capacity. The indicators were rated and analyzed using a scoring system from 1 to 5.

評価結果:

Results: The results showed that climate-sensitive diseases were common, including dengue fever, diarrheal, influenza, etc, with large burdens of disease that are projected to increase. From 2013 to 2017, the level of "exposure" to climate change-related hazards of the health sector was "high" to "very high," with an average score from 3.5 to 4.4 (out of 5.0). For "health sensitivity," the scores decreased from 3.8 in 2013 to 3.5 in 2017, making the overall rating as "high." For "adaptive capacity," the scores were from 4.0 to 4.1, which meant adaptive capacity was "very low." The overall V&A rating in 2013 was "very high risk" (score 4.1) and "high risk" with scores of 3.8 in 2014 and 3.7 in 2015 to 2017.

結論:

Conclusions: Adaptation actions of the health sector are urgently needed to reduce the vulnerability to climate change in coming decades. Eight adaptation solutions, among recommendations of V&A assessment, were adopted in the National Health Climate Change Adaptation Plan.

© The Author(s) 2020.