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Pestalotiopsis neglectaに対する光活性化殺菌活性に影響を与える重要な因子
Key factors affecting photoactivated fungicidal activity of sodium pheophorbide a against Pestalotiopsis neglecta.
PMID: 32527419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104584.
抄録
近年、光線力学的療法（PDT）や光活性化殺虫剤の研究が注目されている。本研究では、クロロフィル誘導体であるNa pheophorbide a (SPA)の光力学的活性を調べ、光活性化殺菌剤としての可能性を評価することを目的とした。一重項酸素量子収量，光反応過程，無菌水中での耐光脱離性，光条件が抗真菌活性に及ぼす影響，安定性について検討した。その結果，SPAは有意な殺菌活性と光安定性を示し，その間，Pestalotiopsis neglectaに対してタイプIとタイプIIの光力学的反応が同時に起こり，タイプIの影響はタイプIIの影響よりもわずかに大きかった。また、光はSPAの抗真菌活性を促進した。特に抗真菌活性は光強度の増加とともに増強され，8000lx条件で最も強くなった。単色光源では緑色光で最も抗真菌活性が高かったが，単色光の効果は白色光ほどではなかった。SPA溶液の抗真菌効果は0～24時間で増強されたが，24時間後には活性が弱くなった。さらに、本研究では、SPA溶液の抗真菌活性は、温度、pH値、紫外線照射時間を変えても安定していることが確認された。
Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoactivated pesticides have attracted considerable research attention. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the photodynamic activity of a chlorophyllous derivative, sodium pheophorbide a (SPA), and to evaluate its potential as a photoactivated fungicide. The singlet oxygen quantum yield, the photoreaction process, the anti-photobleaching ability in sterile water (HO), the effect of light conditions on its antifungal activity, and its stability were all investigated. SPA showed significant fungicidal activity and photostability, during which Type I and Type II photodynamic reactions occurred simultaneously on Pestalotiopsis neglecta, and the influence of Type I was slightly larger than that of Type II. In addition, light promoted the antifungal activity of SPA. In particular, the antifungal activity was enhanced with increasing light intensity, and was strongest under 8000 lx conditions. Under monochromatic light sources, antifungal activity was strongest under green light s; however, the effect of monochromatic light was not as good as that of white light. From 0 to 24 h, the antifungal effect of the SPA solution was enhanced; however, the activity of the solution began to weaken after 24 h. Furthermore, our study confirmed that the antifungal activity of SPA was stable under different temperatures, pH values, and UV irradiation durations.
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