ウズラの腸管における微生物群集と短鎖脂肪酸のマッピング

Microbial Community and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Mapping in the Intestinal Tract of Quail.

• Xizhong Du
• Yun Xiang
• Fangfang Lou
• Pingguang Tu
• Xiaojun Zhang
• Xujin Hu
• Wentao Lyu
• Yingping Xiao

抄録

ウズラは卵や食肉生産のために中国全土で飼育されている。本研究では、ウズラの消化管微生物組成と代謝物を深く理解するために、16S rRNA遺伝子配列決定とqPCRを用いて生後8週齢のウズラの腸内5部位に生息する微生物群を特徴づけ、ガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて各部位の短鎖脂肪酸（SCFAs）濃度を評価した。その結果、ウズラの腸管内には、Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes、Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria、Deferribacteresの5つが最も多く存在していた。小腸ではFirmicutesが95％以上を占めていたが、盲腸（19.19％）と大腸（8.09％）ではBacteroidetesが有意に増加した。属レベルでは、Firmicutes、Bacteroidetes、Bacteroidetes、およびグループの総菌数および割合は、ウズラの腸の近位端から遠位端に向かって増加していることがqPCRデータから明らかになった。SCFAを産生するバクテリア属は、盲腸と大腸に多く、それに応じて、より多くのSCFAが産生された。これらの知見は、ウズラの微生物学の今後の研究、および生産能力や健康との関係に役立つものと思われます。

Quail is raised throughout China for egg and meat production. To deeply understand the gastrointestinal microbial composition and metabolites of quail, the present study characterized the microbiota inhabiting five intestinal locations of eight-week-old quail using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR, and evaluated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in each individual location using gas chromatography. The results showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Deferribacteres were the five most abundant phyla in the intestinal tract of quail. Firmicutes was largely dominant (>95%) in the small intestine, whereas Bacteroidetes increased significantly in the cecum (19.19%) and colorectum (8.09%). At the genus level, was predominant in almost all sections (>50%) except in the cecum (7.26%), where , , and were dominant. qPCR data indicated that the population sizes of both the total bacteria and proportions of the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and group increased going from the proximal toward the distal end of the intestine in quail. The SCFA-producing bacterial genera , , , , , and were of higher richness in the cecum and colorectum, where, accordingly, more SCFAs were produced. These findings will be helpful for the future study of quail microbiology, as well as its relationship with productive performance and health.