東マレーシアのボルネオ島サバ州の大学生における高血圧症の有病率と危険因子

Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in university students in Sabah, Borneo Island of East Malaysia.

• Shazia Qaiser
• Mohd Nazri Mohd Daud
• Mohd Yusof Ibrahim
• Siew Hua Gan
• Md Shamsur Rahman
• Mohd Hijaz Mohd Sani
• Nazia Nazeer
• Rhanye Mac Guad

抄録

不健康なライフスタイルは、高血圧や心血管疾患を含む非伝染性疾患の有病率の増加に主に寄与しています。これらの疾患は、内臓障害や心血管合併症のリスクの増加につながる。本研究では、サバ州の大学生のコホートにおける高血圧症の有病率と関連する危険因子を調査した。社会統計学的データの収集には、標準化された妥当性のある世界保健機関（WHO）のSTEPS質問票を使用した。さらに、臨床データと体格データは、訓練を受けたスタッフによって測定・記録され、その後、記述的分析とロジスティック回帰分析が行われた。大学生における高血圧症の有病率は31％と高かった（95％CI［29.1％、34.3％］）。高血圧の家族歴、睡眠時間の減少、身体活動の低下、喫煙、過体重または肥満など、高血圧のよく知られた危険因子は、UMSの学生における高血圧前症発症リスク（P"Zs_200A"<"Zs_200A".05）と有意に関連していた。UMSの学生の心配なほど高い割合が高血圧症であることから、この年齢層における疾患と関連する合併症の増加を軽減するために、意識の向上、早期スクリーニング、ライフスタイルの改善を目的とした早期予防戦略の必要性が示されました。

Unhealthy lifestyle contributes mainly to an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases tend to increase in Malaysia. These diseases lead to an increased risk of end organ damage and cardiovascular complications. In this study, the prevalence of prehypertension and its associated risk factors among a cohort of university students in Sabah was determined.This is a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted among 365 undergraduate students irrespective of faculties at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Standardized and validated World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data. Additionally, clinical and anthropometric data were measured and recorded by a trained staff, followed by descriptive and logistic regression analyses.A total of 365 UMS undergraduate students aged 18 years and above participated in the study. The prevalence of prehypertension among university students was high (31%) (95% CI [29.1%, 34.3%]). Well-known risk factors for hypertension including family history of hypertension, reduced sleep duration, reduced physical activity, smoking, being overweight or obese were significantly associated with the risk of developing prehypertension (P < .05) among UMS students. However, no association was observed between ethnicity, age, and gender with prehypertension.A worryingly high percentage of UMS students are prehypertensive, indicating the need of early preventive strategies aimed at increasing awareness, early screening, and lifestyle modification to reduce the rising burden of the disease and the associated complications in this age group.