ステンレス鋼溶接ヒュームへの職業暴露の評価-ヒトバイオモニタリング研究

Assessment of occupational exposure to stainless steel welding fumes - A human biomonitoring study.

• M Stanislawska
• B Janasik
• R Kuras
• B Malachowska
• T Halatek
• W Wasowicz

抄録

本研究の目的は、溶接ヒューム（WF）中の六価および三価クロム、ニッケル、マンガン、鉄の濃度を測定し、溶接者の生体材料中の金属濃度と有意な関連性を評価することであった。研究は、溶接工(n=67)と対照(n=52)を対象に実施した。ステンレス鋼のWFは、シフト中の労働者の呼吸域で連続的に採取した。Cr及びNiの血清及び尿中濃度はICP-MSにより測定した。全血中のMn含有量はET-AASを用いて決定した。赤血球中のCr含有量はICP-MSを用いて測定した。溶接工の尿中のCr濃度は、吸入性画分中のCr(R=0.59, p<0.0001)、Cr(VI) (R=0.58, p<0.0001)、及びCr(III) (R=0.64, p<0.0001)の作業環境濃度と正の相関があった。溶接工の尿中のNi濃度は、吸入可能画分及び呼吸可能画分のNi濃度と正の相関を示した(R=0.34, p<0.005, R=0.44, p<0.002)。また、作業環境空気中のMn濃度と溶接工の全血中のMn濃度との間には相関関係が認められた(R=0.46, p<0.0001)。

The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of hexavalent and trivalent chromium, nickel, manganese, and iron in welding fumes (WFs) and to evaluate the significant association between the concentration of metals in the biological material of welders. The studies were conducted in welders (n = 67) and controls (n = 52). Stainless steel WFs were continuously collected in the workers' breathing zone during a shift. The serum and urine concentrations of Cr and Ni were determined by ICP-MS. The content of Mn in the whole blood was determined using ET-AAS. The content of Cr in the erythrocytes was determined using ICP-MS. The Cr concentration in the welders' urine positively correlated with a work environment concentration of Cr (R = 0.59, p < 0.0001), Cr(VI) (R = 0.58, p < 0.0001), and Cr(III) (R = 0.64, p < 0.0001) in the inhalable fraction. The Ni concentration in the welders' urine positively correlated with the Ni concentration in the inhalable and respirable fraction (R = 0.34, p < 0.005 and R = 0.44, p < 0.002). The correlation between the Mn concentration in the work environment air and the Mn concentration in the welders' whole blood (R = 0.46, p < 0.0001) was observed.

Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.