機能的歯列の喪失は認知障害と関連する

Loss of Functional Dentition is Associated with Cognitive Impairment.

抄録

背景:

歯の喪失は認知障害や認知症のリスクを高めることが知られているが、喪失した歯の修復を含む機能的歯と認知機能との関連を検討した研究はほとんどない。

BACKGROUND: Although tooth loss is known to increase the risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, few studies have investigated the association between functional teeth including rehabilitated lost teeth and cognitive functionObjective:We investigated the associations of the numbers of functional teeth and functional occlusal units with cognitive impairment and cognitive function in late life.

方法:

本研究は、地域ベースの高齢者コホート研究であるKorean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia（KLOSCAD）の一環として実施した。追加歯科検診に同意した411人の参加者を分析した。老年精神科医と神経心理士が、アルツハイマー病評価パケット臨床・神経心理評価バッテリーを全参加者に実施し、歯科医が歯の状態を検査した。

METHODS: The current study was conducted as a part of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia (KLOSCAD), a community-based elderly cohort study. We analyzed 411 participants who have agreed with the additional dental exam. Geriatric psychiatrists and neuropsychologists administered the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease Assessment Packet Clinical and Neuropsychological Assessment Battery to all participants, and dentists examined their dental status.

結果:

機能的歯数が多い（OR = 0.955、95％CI = 0.914-0.997、p = 0.037）、機能的咬合単位数が多い（OR = 0.900、95％CI＝0.813-0.996、p＝0.042）は、認知障害の低いオッズと関連していた。これらの関係を歯の位置で分けて分析したところ、機能的歯の数（OR = 0.566、95％CI = 0.373-0.857、p = 0.007）および前臼歯部の機能的咬合単位（OR＝0.399、95％CI＝0.213-0.748、p＝0.004）のみが、認知障害の低いオッズと関連していた。

RESULTS: Higher number of functional teeth (OR = 0.955, 95% CI = 0.914-0.997, p = 0.037) and higher number of functional occlusal units (OR = 0.900, 95% CI = 0.813-0.996, p = 0.042) were associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment. When we analyzed these relationships separated by the location of teeth, only the numbers of functional teeth (OR = 0.566, 95% CI = 0.373-0.857, p = 0.007) and functional occlusal units (OR = 0.399, 95% CI = 0.213-0.748, p = 0.004) in the premolar area were associated with lower odds of cognitive impairment.

結論:

機能的歯および機能的咬合単位（特に前臼歯部）の喪失は、認知障害の増加と関連していた。

CONCLUSION: Loss of functional teeth and functional occlusal units (especially in the premolar region) were associated with increased cognitive impairment.