骨粗鬆症を有する中高年老年患者の栄養状態と骨密度に対する栄養教育と食事介入の効果を検討した

[Effects of the nutritional education and dietary intervention on nutritional status and bone mineral density of middle-aged and senile patients with osteoporosis].

• Chunyan Zhao
• Ruihua Zhou
• Yongzhi Tian
• Yongmei Tang
• Hongzhen Ning
• Haiyan Liu

抄録

目的:

骨粗鬆症の中高年・老年患者の栄養状態と骨密度（BMD）に及ぼす栄養教育と食事介入の効果を検討する。

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the nutritional education and dietary intervention on nutritional status and bone mineral density (BMD) of middle-aged and senile patients with osteoporosis.

方法:

中年・老年性骨粗鬆症患者90名が登録された。45例ずつ無作為に2群（介入群と対照群）に分けた。対照群は従来の治療を受け、介入群は従来の治療に基づいて6ヶ月間の栄養教育と食事介入を行った。教育・介入の方法は、セミナー、パンフレット配布、食事調査、個別指導などであった。介入開始時と終了時にそれぞれ栄養状態とBMDを分析した。

METHODS: Ninty middle-aged and senile osteoporosis patients were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups (intervention and control group) with 45 cases each. The control group was received conventional therapy and the intervention group added with nutritional education and dietary intervention for six months on the basis of conventional therapy. The methods of education and intervention included seminars, brochures distribution, dietary survey and individual guidance. The nutritional status and BMD were analyzed at the beginning and the end of the intervention respectively.

結果:

介入後，介入群の穀物，野菜，果物，卵，牛乳，豆類の摂取量が推奨摂取量に沿った被験者の割合は，対照群よりも高かった（P < 0.05）．介入後，介入群の粗粒，乳製品，豆類および魚介類の摂取頻度は，対照群よりも高かった（P < 0.05）．介入後，介入群の1日のタンパク質，VA，VC，カルシウム，亜鉛，マグネシウム，食物繊維の摂取頻度は，対照群に比べて有意に優れていた（P＜0.05）．介入群の腰椎と大腿骨頚部のBMDは対照群に比べて有意に高かった（P＜0.05）。

RESULTS: After the intervention, the ratios of subjects whose intake of grain, vegetables, fruits, eggs, milk and beans in line with recommended intake of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, frequencies of coarse grain, dairy, beans and seafood consumption of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the daily intakes of protein, VA, VC, calcium, zinc, magnesium, dietary fiber of the intervention group were significantly superior to the control group (P < 0.05). BMDs of lumbar spine and femoral neck in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05).

結論:

栄養教育と食事介入により、中高年や老年期の患者の合理的な食生活を促進し、栄養状態を改善し、骨密度を高め、骨粗鬆症に対する従来の治療効果を向上させることができた。

CONCLUSION: The nutritional education and dietary intervention could promote middle-aged and senile patients' reasonable diet, improve their nutritional status, enhance bone mineral density and improve the effect of conventional therapy for osteoporosis.