30%過酸化水素含有家庭用漂白剤と硝酸カリウム含有家庭用漂白剤の評価-パイロットスタディ

Evaluation of 30% carbamide peroxide at-home bleaching gels with and without potassium nitrate--a pilot study.

抄録

目的:

この二重盲検試験では、2種類の30％過酸化水素漂白ジェル（5％硝酸カリウムを含むもの（治療A）および含まないもの（治療B））の漂白効果を調べた。この試験研究では、高濃度の方が歯が白くなるかどうか、また30％溶液の歯の知覚過敏や歯肉への影響を確認するために、治療時間を1日1時間、10日間に短縮した。

OBJECTIVES: This double-blind study examined the bleaching effectiveness of two 30% carbamide peroxide bleaching gels: one with 5% potassium nitrate (treatment A) and one without (treatment B). The treatment time was reduced for this pilot study to one hour per day for 10 days to determine whether the higher concentration would whiten teeth and to ascertain the tooth sensitivity and gingival effects of the 30% solution.

方法と材料:

Bioform shade guide B65またはそれ以上の濃さの歯のシェードを持つ40人の被験者が選ばれた。被験者の同意を得た後，無作為に2群に分けた（n = 20）．各被験者には，カスタムメイドのブリーチングトレーを作成した．トレーは，歯肉に触れないようにした．各被験者には，トレーと漂白剤の装着方法を指導し，2種類の漂白剤のうち1種類を提供した．被験者の漂白ジェルによる治療時間は10時間であった。漂白効果を判定するために，ベースライン時と最終回収時に写真とシェード（標準化されたバイオフォームシェードガイドを使用）が撮影された．歯の知覚過敏は，ベースライン時と最終回収時に，皮膚冷却剤で飽和させたペレットを歯に2秒間当てることで測定した．感度は1～10の尺度で記録された．歯肉指標もベースラインと最終リコール時に測定した．データは，Wilcoxon rank-sum および Wilcoxon signed rank 検定で分析した．

METHOD AND MATERIALS: Forty subjects were selected with an initial tooth shade corresponding to Bioform shade guide B65 or darker. After obtaining consent, subjects were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20). Custom-fabricated bleaching trays were made for each subject. Trays did not extend onto the gingiva. Each subject was instructed in the placement and wear of the tray and bleach and supplied with one of the two bleaching gels. Subjects had 10 hours of treatment time with the bleaching gel. Photographs and shades (using a standardized Bioform shade guide) were taken at baseline and at final recall to determine bleaching effectiveness. Tooth sensitivity was measured at baseline and final recall by applying a pellet saturated with skin refrigerant to the tooth for 2 seconds. The sensitivity was recorded on a scale ranging from 1 to 10. Gingival index was also measured at baseline and at final recall. Data was analyzed with Wilcoxon rank-sum and Wilcoxon signed rank tests.

結果:

2つのブリーチングジェルの間で，色の変化，歯の知覚過敏，歯肉の状態に有意差は認められなかった（それぞれ，P = 0.899，P = 0.375，P = 0.056 ）．各群において，ブリーチングジェルAおよびBは有意に歯を白くした（両群ともP < 0.0001）．歯の知覚過敏と歯肉の状態には，ジェルA（それぞれP = .057と.063）およびジェルB（それぞれP = .911と.510）において，有意な変化はみられなかった．

RESULTS: No significant differences were found for changes in color, tooth sensitivity, and gingival condition between the two bleaching gels (P = .899, P = .375, and P = .056, respectively). Within each group, bleaching gel A and B significantly whitened teeth (P < .0001 for both groups). There were no significant changes in tooth sensitivity and gingival condition for gel A (P = .057 and .063, respectively) or gel B (P = .911 and .510, respectively).

結論:

30%カルバミド漂白ジェルは，歯の知覚過敏の有意な増加や歯肉の状態の変化を引き起こすことなく，効果的に歯を白くすることができる．硝酸カリウムは，治療時間が短い場合，知覚過敏にほとんど影響を与えない．

CONCLUSION: Thirty percent carbamide bleaching gels effectively whiten teeth without causing a significant increase in tooth sensitivity or changes in gingival condition. Potassium nitrate has little effect in sensitivity when treatment time is short.