小児期の吸啜習慣と乳歯列への影響：Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhoodの調査結果

Sucking habits in childhood and the effects on the primary dentition: findings of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood.

抄録

はじめに:

非栄養性吸啜癖に関するこれまでの研究のほとんどは、横断的なものであった。本研究では、縦断的観察コホートにおいて、非栄養性吸啜癖の有病率と発育中の歯列への影響を明らかにした。

INTRODUCTION: Most previous research on non-nutritive sucking habits has been cross-sectional in nature. This study determined the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habits and the effects on the developing dentition within a longitudinal observational cohort.

方法:

Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood研究のChildren in Focusグループが研究対象となった。生後15ヶ月、24ヶ月、36ヶ月の子どもたちに対して、非栄養性吸啜習慣に関する質問票データを収集した。生後 31 ヵ月，43 ヵ月，61 ヵ月に歯科検診を実施した．

METHODS: The Children in Focus group of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood study was studied. Questionnaire data on non-nutritive sucking habits were collected on the children at 15 months, 24 months, and 36 months of age. Dental examinations were performed on the same children at 31 months, 43 months, and 61 months of age.

結果:

15ヶ月の時点で、63.2％の子どもが吸啜の習慣を持ち、37.6％がダミーだけを使用し、22.8％が桁を使用していた。36ヵ月までに吸啜は40%に減少し、ダミーと指しゃぶりの有病率はほぼ同じであった。両習慣とも発達中の歯列に影響を及ぼし，特に上唇小帯の配列，前方開咬と後方交叉咬の発達が顕著であった．

RESULTS: At 15 months, 63.2% of children had a sucking habit, 37.6% used just a dummy, and 22.8% used a digit. By 36 months, sucking had reduced to 40%, with similar prevalence of dummy and digit sucking. Both habits had effects on the developing dentition, most notably in upper labial segment alignment and the development of anterior open bites and posterior crossbites.

結論:

大多数の小児は、生後24ヵ月まで非栄養性吸啜癖を有していた。趾間吸引とダミー吸引の両方が、発達中の歯列に観察された異常と関連していたが、ダミー吸引習慣は小児の前方および後方の咬合に最も大きな影響を及ぼした。

CONCLUSIONS: The majority of children had non-nutritive sucking habits up until 24 months of age. Both digit and dummy sucking were associated with observed anomalies in the developing dentition, but dummy-sucking habits had the most profound influence on the anterior and posterior occlusions of the children.