タバコ加熱装置とタバコ喫煙が口腔に及ぼす影響：パイロット研究

Impact of the Tobacco Heating System and Cigarette Smoking on the Oral Cavity: A Pilot Study.

抄録

タバコの喫煙および喫煙中に放出される有害な化学物質は、口腔の健康に悪影響を及ぼす。害を軽減する手段として、新しい代替タバコ加熱システム（THS）が開発された。本研究の目的は、従来のタバコとTHSが口腔粘膜、唾液流量（SFR）、口臭、細菌負荷に及ぼす影響を分析・比較することである。本研究には、タバコ加熱式喫煙者20名、従来のタバコ喫煙者20名、非喫煙者20名が参加した。対象者は、医療情報、喫煙習慣、口腔病変、症状に関するアンケートに回答した。各被験者に臨床検査とSFR検査を行い、その後口臭の器官学的評価を行った。口臭（<0.001; ε2 = 0.624）、口腔内所見（<0.001; ε2 = 0.624）において喫煙群間で有意差が認められた。624）、口腔内所見（<0.001; ε2 = 0.507）、SFR（<0.001; ε2 = 0.0331）および自覚的愁訴のドライマウス（= 0.021; ε2 = 0.363）に関連して喫煙群間で有意差が認められた。SFRは有意に低かったが、口臭、口腔内所見の有病率、ドライマウスは喫煙者で有意に高かったが、THSと従来型喫煙者の間に有意差はなかった。本研究から、THS喫煙は従来のタバコ喫煙と同様に口腔組織、特にSFRと口臭に影響を及ぼすことが示唆された。

Cigarette smoking and the harmful chemicals released during smoking have negative effects on oral health. As a measure of harm reduction, a new alternative tobacco heating system (THS) has been developed. The aim of the study was to analyze and compare the effects of conventional cigarettes and THS on the oral mucosa, the salivary flow rate (SFR), halitosis, and the load of spp. The study included 20 tobacco heating smokers, 20 conventional cigarette smokers, and 20 nonsmokers. The subjects completed questionnaires on medical information, smoking habits, oral lesions, and symptoms. A clinical examination and SFR test were performed on each subject, followed by an organoleptic assessment of halitosis. Mucosal swabs were collected and cult ured to identify spp. Significant differences were found between the smoking groups in relation to halitosis ( < 0.001; ε2 = 0.624), intraoral findings ( < 0.001; ε2 = 0.507), SFR ( < 0.001; ε2 = 0.0331) and dry mouth for subjective complaints ( = 0.021; ε2 = 0.363). The SFR was significantly lower; however, halitosis, the prevalence of intraoral findings, and dry mouth were significantly higher among smokers, but there were no significant differences between THS and conventional smokers. The present study suggests that THS smoking has similar effects on oral tissues, especially the SFR and halitosis, as conventional cigarette smoking.