歯周病および虫歯の悪化に対する癌治療の影響。レトロスペクティブな予備的研究

Effect of Cancer Treatment on the Worsening of Periodontal Disease and Dental Caries: A Preliminary, Retrospective Study.

抄録

目的:

う蝕および歯周病の悪化に対する癌治療の影響を調査すること。

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of cancer treatment on the worsening of dental caries and periodontal disease.

材料と方法:

本研究では、がん治療前と1～2年後にパノラマX線撮影を行った成人がん患者53名を登録した。彼らは，口腔衛生指導，スケーリングとルートプレーニング，専門家による機械的歯面清掃，感染源となっている歯の治療または抜歯など，専門的な口腔ケアを受けていた。年齢、性別、喫煙習慣、プロービングポケットの深さ、歯槽骨量、口腔衛生状態、歯数、白血球数、ヘモグロビン数、アルブミン数、がん治療、免疫抑制剤の投与、う蝕の悪化、1-2年後の歯槽骨量を調べた。むし歯の悪化と歯槽骨の減少に関連する因子は，ロジスティック回帰分析を用いて分析した。

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three adult cancer patients who underwent panoramic radiography before cancer treatment and 1-2 years later were enrolled in this study. They received professional oral care, including oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planing, professional mechanical tooth cleaning, and dental treatment or extraction of any tooth with the source of infection. Age, sex, smoking habit, probing pocket depth, alveolar bone loss, oral hygiene, number of teeth, leukocytes, haemoglobin, and albumin counts, cancer treatment, the administration of immunosuppressants, worsening of dental caries, and alveolar bone loss after 1-2 years were examined. Factors related to the worsening of dental caries and alveolar bone loss were analysed using logistic regression analysis.

結果:

20.8％の患者で齲蝕と歯周病が悪化した。喫煙習慣と化学療法はう蝕悪化の独立した危険因子であり，歯槽骨減少量が1/3以上であることと化学療法は歯周病悪化の独立した危険因子であった．

RESULTS: Dental caries and periodontal disease worsened in 20.8% of the patients. Smoking habit and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for the worsening of dental caries, while alveolar bone loss greater than 1/3 and chemotherapy were independent risk factors related to worsening periodontal disease.

結論:

抗がん剤治療は，う蝕および歯周病の増悪因子である。

CONCLUSION: Anticancer drug treatment is an exacerbating factor for dental caries and periodontal disease.