思春期特発性側弯症の女性患者における両側性歯槽骨の非対称性

Bilateral dentoalveolar asymmetries in female patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

抄録

目的:

本断面研究の目的は、思春期特発性側彎症患者における左右の歯槽骨のゆらぎ（FA）および方向性の非対称性（DA）を定量化し、これらの非対称性と側彎の側面、部位および重症度との関係を評価することである。

PURPOSE: The aim of this cross-sectional research was to quantify left-right dentoalveolar fluctuating (FA) and directional asymmetries (DA) in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and to assess the relationship between these asymmetries and the side, location, and severity of scoliosis.

材料と方法:

研究グループは、12～16歳の特発性側弯症の女性60名と健常対照者54名で構成された。測定は、デジタルノギスを用いてフルマウスの歯科用ギブス上で行った。測定項目は、切歯正中線のずれ、左右の切歯オーバージェット、犬歯と頬骨の位置関係、上顎と下顎の弓状突起である。データは統計的に分析され、有意差はp < 0.05とされた。

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group comprised of 60 females aged 12-16 years, with idiopathic scoliosis, and 54 healthy controls. Measurements were made with the use of digital caliper on full-mouth dental casts. The following variables were measured from each subject: a shift of the incisor midline, left and right incisor overjet, deviation of canine and buccal segment relation as well as maxillary and mandibular arch chords. The data were statistically analyzed with significance taken as p < 0.05.

結果:

切歯正中線のずれ、頬側縁の左側への移動、犬歯の左側への移動の平均値は、対照群と研究群の間で統計的に有意な差が認められました（それぞれp = 0.0419, p = 0.0.458, p = 0.0204）．正中線偏位と犬歯偏位のFAは、健常対照群と比較して、ISの被験者では統計的に有意に高かった（それぞれ、p = 0.0315 と p = 0.0415 ）。曲線の方向、頂椎の位置や頂椎の移動は、歯槽骨の非対称性の大きさに有意な影響を与えなかった。

RESULTS: Statistically significant differences in the mean shift of the incisor midline, buccal segment relation on the left and canine deviation on the left between the control group and the study group were detected ( p = 0.0419, p = 0.0.458 and p = 0.0204, respectively). FA of the midline deviation and canine deviation were statistically significantly higher for subjects with IS, compared to healthy controls ( p = 0.0315 and p = 0.0415, respectively). Neither direction of the curve nor apical vertebra's location or apical translation significantly affected the magnitude of dentoalveolar asymmetries.

結論:

本研究の結果、若い女性の咬合には両側非対称がよく見られることが確認された。ISの患者は、対照群と比較して、Angle II級不正咬合の傾向が高く、切歯正中線不一致と犬歯偏位が高いことがわかった。

CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirmed that bilateral asymmetries are a common feature of the young females' occlusion. Individuals with IS show higher tendency to Angle Class II malocclusion, as well as higher FA of incisor midline discrepancy and canine deviation, compared to the controls.